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Research Strategies for Nutritional and Physical Activity Epidemiology and Cancer Prevention.

Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Epidemiology and Genomics Research Program (EGRP), Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences (DCCPS), National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, Maryland. mahabir@mail.nih.gov. Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Cancer Control Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Epidemiology and Genomics Research Program (EGRP), Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences (DCCPS), National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, Maryland. Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii. Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (DCEG), NCI, Bethesda, Maryland. Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University and Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, St. Louis, Missouri. Nutrition and Metabolism Section, Biomarkers Group, International Agency for Cancer Research (IARC), Lyon, France. Risk Factor Assessment Branch, EGRP, DCCPS, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland. Cancer Prevention Study-3, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia. Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany. School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California. Nutritional Science Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland. Nutrition Research Institute, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California. Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.

Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology. 2018;(3):233-244
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Abstract

Very large international and ethnic differences in cancer rates exist, are minimally explained by genetic factors, and show the huge potential for cancer prevention. A substantial portion of the differences in cancer rates can be explained by modifiable factors, and many important relationships have been documented between diet, physical activity, and obesity, and incidence of important cancers. Other related factors, such as the microbiome and the metabolome, are emerging as important intermediary components in cancer prevention. It is possible with the incorporation of newer technologies and studies including long follow-up and evaluation of effects across the life cycle, additional convincing results will be produced. However, several challenges exist for cancer researchers; for example, measurement of diet and physical activity, and lack of standardization of samples for microbiome collection, and validation of metabolomic studies. The United States National Cancer Institute convened the Research Strategies for Nutritional and Physical Activity Epidemiology and Cancer Prevention Workshop on June 28-29, 2016, in Rockville, Maryland, during which the experts addressed the state of the science and areas of emphasis. This current paper reflects the state of the science and priorities for future research. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 27(3); 233-44. ©2017 AACR.

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Publication Type : Review

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MeSH terms : Preventive Medicine